Midstream

Midstream Glossary

Definitions of words and terms used in the gas processing industry.
For questions regarding incorrect/outdated entries or suggestion for adding additional terms, please contact Martin Erne

Term
Definition
Common Use Examples
still
An apparatus used to separate liquid mixture products through the process of boiling and then condensing the vapor.

stocks

One of several liquid products stored in tanks for subsequent sale or use.

storage tank

A tank in which liquid products are stored for subsequent sale, for subsequent use, and/or for retention while their specifications are being checked.

storage tank
A vessel in which liquid products are stored for sale, use, and/or for retention.

straddle plant

A facility which processes gas being transported through a transmission pipeline.

straddle plant

A gas processing plant designed to remove liquids from a transportation pipeline and return the liquid dry gas to the pipeline.

straddle plant
A facility which processes gas being transported through a transmission pipeline.

strapping

A term applied to the process of calibrating liquid storage capacity of storage tanks in increments of depth.

strapping
The process of calibrating tank capacity in increments of depth.

strapping table
A chart that correlates tank volume to increments of depth.

stream

The liquid, gas or solids contained in any pipeline or flowing line.

stream day

A continous 24 hours of plant operations.

stripper

A column wherein absorbed constituents are stripped from the absorption oil. The term is applicable to columns using stripping medium, such as steam or gas.

stripper
A column where absorbed constituents are removed from the absorption oil.

stripping factor

An expression used to explain the degree of stripping. Mathematically, it is KV/L, the reciprocal of the absorption factor.

stripping medium

As stated under "stripper," the medium is steam, gas, or other material that will increase the driving force for stripping.

substitute natural gas (SNG)

A term used to refer to gas formed from gasification of heavy hydrocarbons rather than produced from a well.

sulfur

A pale yellow, non-metallic chemical element. In its elemental state, called "free sulfur," it has a crystalline or amorphous form. In many gas streams, sulfur may be found as volatile sulfur compounds, i.e., hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxides, mercaptans, carbonyl sulfide. Reduction of their concentration levels is necessary for corrosion control and, in many cases, necessary for health and safety reasons.

sulfur dioxide (SO2)

A heavy, colorless, suffocating gas that is, chemically, an oxide of sulfur. Conversion of the gaseous sulfur oxides to sulfur is necessary for corrosion control, for health and safety reasons, and for complying with governmental standards.

sulfur plant

A plant that makes sulfur from the hydrogen sulfide extracted from natural gas. One-third of the hydrogen sulfide is burned to sulfur dioxide, which is reacted with the remaining hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a catalyst to make sulfur and water.

summation factor
Specific values for components in a gas mixture that can be used in a simplified method for calculation of compressibility.

supercompressibility

The square root of the ratio of the compressibility factor of the gas at a base condition to the compressibility factor of the same gas. In the US, the base conditions are generally 60 degrees Farenheit and 14.73 psia.

surge

An accumulation of liquid between two levels in a vessel, or a sudden increase in its flow rate above a normal flow rate.

surge drum

That vessel that is provided for surges in a process when constant levels are being controlled in all other connecting equipment.

sweet

This refers to the near or absolute absence of sulfur compounds in either gas or liquid as defined by a given specification standard.