Midstream

Industry Definitions

Definitions of words and terms used in the gas processing industry.
For questions regarding incorrect/outdated entries or suggestion for adding additional terms, please contact Martin Erne

Term
Definition
modular plant

A gas processing facility built primarily in off-site shops on fabricated skids and shipped to the facility site upon completion.

molecular sieves

Synthetic zeolites packaged in bead or pellet form.

naptha

A mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly pentanes and heavier, with a maximum final boiling point of about 400oF.

natural gas

A hydrocarbon mixture that exists in a vapor phase consisting of primarily methane and commonly includes various amounts of other hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and/or helium.

natural gasoline

A liquid mixture extracted from natural gas consisting mostly of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbons.

odorant

A foul smelling fluid added to a gas or LP-gas to facilitate detection of leaks.

open flow potential

A test conducted to determine the allowable production rate of a well.

operating agreement

The contract between interested parties regarding who operates a plant, a system, or similar installation.

optimum rate of flow

A production capacity which will provide the ultimate recovery of fluid from the reservoir.

orifice meter

A differential pressure device used for the measurement of fluid flow.

orifice plate

A constricting device inserted into a flowing stream for the purpose of creating a measureable differential pressure.

outage

For tanks, tank cars and liquid sample containers, the difference between the full interior volume and the volume of liquid therein. For operations, a time period where equipment or systems are unavailable.

overhead

The vapor stream leaving the top of a column or vessel.

packed column

A a vessel or conduit filled with small objects that are designed to have a relatively large surface area per unit volume to affect separation.

paraffin

A saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having the formula CnH2n+2.

peak day requirements

Maximum quantity commitment to deliver or receive gas in a 24-hour period.

peak shaving

The addition of supplemental power to power grids during periods of high demand.

pentane-plus

A hydrocarbon mixture consisting mostly of C5 and heavier components, extracted from natural gas.

perforated tray

A vapor-liquid contacting plate containing small orifices through which the fluids flow.

petroleum

A material occurring naturally in the earth composed predominately of mixtures of chemical compounds of carbon and hydrogen.

phase envelope

The combination of a bubble point curve and a dew point curve.

pigging

The act of forcing an object through a section of piping to clean, inspect, or remove accumulated liquid or debris.

pipeline

A configuration of pipe and other equipment designed to move fluid from one location to another.

pipeline quality gas

A hydrocarbon vapor product which meets a transmission company's minimum specifications.

plant products

Merchantable liquid mixtures extracted from natural gas.